In brief
The component combines moisture retention and filtration.
Useful to know
The receiver-drier in an air-conditioning system connects moisture and retains dirt in the refrigeration loop. HELLA considers it as protection for the other components, including the compressor. [1]
It is not the same as the cabin filter through which air passes. The two parts have different environments and locations in the system. When discussing a repair, specify which filter is meant. Changing the air filter does not perform the function of drying the refrigeration circuit, even if the general description "for the air conditioner" sounds similar.
Sources
For further detail and to check the information: